How to delete all file except file(s) ...
> ls
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
>
I want to delete files 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 except 1 & 2
> rm `ls * | egrep -v "1|2"`
> ls
1 2
>
Thursday, September 18, 2008
Tuesday, September 2, 2008
Backup and Restore Alfresco
Overview
Backing up an Alfresco repository involves backing up both the directory pointed to by the dir.root setting AND the database Alfresco is configured to use, as if they were a single unit. Backing up either one without the other results in a backup that cannot be successfully restored.
Similarly, when you restore an Alfresco backup you must restore both the dir.root directory AND the Alfresco database from the same backup set - restoring either one in isolation is guaranteed to corrupt your repository.
The dir.root directory is usually defined in/alfresco/extension/custom-repository.properties. By default this directory is named 'alf_data' and is located within the directory where Alfresco is installed.
[edit] Cold Backup Procedure
By default, the dir.root contains both the content and indexes, so for cold backup it is possible to backup just the content and then do a full reindex when a backup is restored. A full reindex can be a time consuming process however, so the steps below include the indexes in the backup.
1. Stop Alfresco
2. Backup the database Alfresco is configured to use, using your database vendor's backup tools
3. In parallel, backup the Alfresco dir.root directory in its entirety
4. Store both the database and Alfresco dir.root backups together as a single unit (neither is useful without the other)
5. Start Alfresco
[edit] Hot Backup Procedure
[edit] Overview
1. Backup the database Alfresco is configured to use, using your database vendor's backup tools (see below for details)
2. As soon as the database backup completes, backup specific subdirectories in the Alfresco dir.root (see below for details)
3. Store both the database and Alfresco dir.root backups together as a single unit (neither is useful without the other)
[edit] Backing up the Database
In an Alfresco system, the ability to support hot backup is fundamentally dependent on the hot backup capabilities of the database product Alfresco is configured to use. Specifically, it requires a tool that can "snapshot" a consistent version of the Alfresco database (ie. it must capture a transactionally consistent copy of all of the tables in the Alfresco database). In addition, to avoid serious performance problems in the running Alfresco system, this "snapshot" operation should operate without taking out locks in the Alfresco database.
Backup capabilities vary widely between relational database products, and you should ensure that any backup procedures that are instituted are validated by a qualified, experienced Database Administrator before being put into a production environment.
[edit] Backing up the Filesystem
Backup the following subdirectories of the Alfresco dir.root directory using whatever tools you're comfortable with (rsync, xcopy, etc.):
* contentstore
* contentstore.deleted
* audit.contentstore
* backup_lucene_index
IMPORTANT NOTE: Never, never, under any circumstances, attempt to backup the lucene-indexes subdirectory while Alfresco is running. Doing so is almost certain to cause Lucene index corruption.
[edit] Notes
* Alfresco includes a background job responsible for backing up the Lucene indexes that (by default) is configured to run at 3am each night. The hot backup process must not run concurrently with this background job, so you should either ensure that the hot backup completes by 3am, or wait until the index backup job has completed before initiating a hot backup.
* The Alfresco WCM functionality includes a background job called the 'avmOrphanReaperJob' that must not be allowed to run while a hot backup is in progress. By default this job is scheduled to run every minute, but this can be reconfigured by overriding the default schedule defined in scheduled-jobs-context.xml. Please make sure you are familiar with Alfresco's Repository Configuration mechanism before making any configuration changes. If you are not using the Alfresco WCM functionality no action is required.
[edit] Restore Procedure
1. Stop Alfresco
2. Copy the existing dir.root to temp location
3. Restore dir.root
4. If you're restoring from a hot backup, rename dir.root/backup_lucene_index to dir.root/lucene-indexes
5. Restore the database from the database backups
6. Start Alfresco
[edit] Lucene Index Restoration
Note that in addition to full restorations, the backup sets created via either the cold or hot backup procedures described above can also be used to restore just the Lucene indexes. This is useful in cases where the repository itself does not need to be restored but for some reason the Lucene indexes are stale.
The Lucene index restoration process is as follows:
1. Stop Alfresco
2. Move the existing dir.root/lucene-indexes directory out of the way
3. If you're performing cold backups, restore dir.root/lucene-indexes from the most recent backup step
4. If you're performing hot backups, restore dir.root/backup_lucene_index from the most recent backup step and rename it to dir.root/lucene-indexes
5. Restart Alfresco
Upon restarting, Alfresco will (by default) detect that the indexes are stale, and incrementally reindex just that content that has changed since the last backup was performed. As the size of your content set grows, the time savings from performing incremental reindexing rather than full reindexing will become greater and greater (incremental reindexing is typically measured in minutes, whereas full reindexing can take hours for large content sets).
Important note: in order for incremental reindexing to occur properly, you should leave the index.recovery.mode property at its default value of "VALIDATE". Setting this property to "FULL" forces a full reindex even if incremental reindexing is possible (thereby negating any benefits from this procedure).
----
Copy Paste From http://wiki.alfresco.com/wiki/Backup_and_Restore without permission.
Backing up an Alfresco repository involves backing up both the directory pointed to by the dir.root setting AND the database Alfresco is configured to use, as if they were a single unit. Backing up either one without the other results in a backup that cannot be successfully restored.
Similarly, when you restore an Alfresco backup you must restore both the dir.root directory AND the Alfresco database from the same backup set - restoring either one in isolation is guaranteed to corrupt your repository.
The dir.root directory is usually defined in
[edit] Cold Backup Procedure
By default, the dir.root contains both the content and indexes, so for cold backup it is possible to backup just the content and then do a full reindex when a backup is restored. A full reindex can be a time consuming process however, so the steps below include the indexes in the backup.
1. Stop Alfresco
2. Backup the database Alfresco is configured to use, using your database vendor's backup tools
3. In parallel, backup the Alfresco dir.root directory in its entirety
4. Store both the database and Alfresco dir.root backups together as a single unit (neither is useful without the other)
5. Start Alfresco
[edit] Hot Backup Procedure
[edit] Overview
1. Backup the database Alfresco is configured to use, using your database vendor's backup tools (see below for details)
2. As soon as the database backup completes, backup specific subdirectories in the Alfresco dir.root (see below for details)
3. Store both the database and Alfresco dir.root backups together as a single unit (neither is useful without the other)
[edit] Backing up the Database
In an Alfresco system, the ability to support hot backup is fundamentally dependent on the hot backup capabilities of the database product Alfresco is configured to use. Specifically, it requires a tool that can "snapshot" a consistent version of the Alfresco database (ie. it must capture a transactionally consistent copy of all of the tables in the Alfresco database). In addition, to avoid serious performance problems in the running Alfresco system, this "snapshot" operation should operate without taking out locks in the Alfresco database.
Backup capabilities vary widely between relational database products, and you should ensure that any backup procedures that are instituted are validated by a qualified, experienced Database Administrator before being put into a production environment.
[edit] Backing up the Filesystem
Backup the following subdirectories of the Alfresco dir.root directory using whatever tools you're comfortable with (rsync, xcopy, etc.):
* contentstore
* contentstore.deleted
* audit.contentstore
* backup_lucene_index
IMPORTANT NOTE: Never, never, under any circumstances, attempt to backup the lucene-indexes subdirectory while Alfresco is running. Doing so is almost certain to cause Lucene index corruption.
[edit] Notes
* Alfresco includes a background job responsible for backing up the Lucene indexes that (by default) is configured to run at 3am each night. The hot backup process must not run concurrently with this background job, so you should either ensure that the hot backup completes by 3am, or wait until the index backup job has completed before initiating a hot backup.
* The Alfresco WCM functionality includes a background job called the 'avmOrphanReaperJob' that must not be allowed to run while a hot backup is in progress. By default this job is scheduled to run every minute, but this can be reconfigured by overriding the default schedule defined in scheduled-jobs-context.xml. Please make sure you are familiar with Alfresco's Repository Configuration mechanism before making any configuration changes. If you are not using the Alfresco WCM functionality no action is required.
[edit] Restore Procedure
1. Stop Alfresco
2. Copy the existing dir.root to temp location
3. Restore dir.root
4. If you're restoring from a hot backup, rename dir.root/backup_lucene_index to dir.root/lucene-indexes
5. Restore the database from the database backups
6. Start Alfresco
[edit] Lucene Index Restoration
Note that in addition to full restorations, the backup sets created via either the cold or hot backup procedures described above can also be used to restore just the Lucene indexes. This is useful in cases where the repository itself does not need to be restored but for some reason the Lucene indexes are stale.
The Lucene index restoration process is as follows:
1. Stop Alfresco
2. Move the existing dir.root/lucene-indexes directory out of the way
3. If you're performing cold backups, restore dir.root/lucene-indexes from the most recent backup step
4. If you're performing hot backups, restore dir.root/backup_lucene_index from the most recent backup step and rename it to dir.root/lucene-indexes
5. Restart Alfresco
Upon restarting, Alfresco will (by default) detect that the indexes are stale, and incrementally reindex just that content that has changed since the last backup was performed. As the size of your content set grows, the time savings from performing incremental reindexing rather than full reindexing will become greater and greater (incremental reindexing is typically measured in minutes, whereas full reindexing can take hours for large content sets).
Important note: in order for incremental reindexing to occur properly, you should leave the index.recovery.mode property at its default value of "VALIDATE". Setting this property to "FULL" forces a full reindex even if incremental reindexing is possible (thereby negating any benefits from this procedure).
----
Copy Paste From http://wiki.alfresco.com/wiki/Backup_and_Restore without permission.
Sunday, August 17, 2008
Kunci Sains Dan Teknologi Ada Di Angka Kelahiran Republik Indonesia
Kunci Sains Dan Teknologi Ada Di Angka Kelahiran Republik Indonesia
Oleh : Ali Yunus Rohedi(1)
Staf Pengajar Pada Jurusan Fisika FMIPA – ITS, Surabaya
Telp/Fax : (031)5943351, e-mail : rohedi@physics.its.ac.id
(1)Kepala ROHEDI Laboratory Surabaya, e-mail : aliyunus@rohedi.com
Para visitor tentu ingat bahwa saat saya meluncurkan website rohedi.com kepada
khalayak, artikel pertama yang saya tampilkan adalah info tentang formula analitik untuk
polinomial orde positif sembarang versi saya. Pada artikel tersebut saya contohkan komparasi
nilai sisa polinomial (remainder) antara rohedi’s formula dengan hasil hitungan perangkat
lunak Matlab untuk polinomial orde 1060. Remainder hitungan rohedi’s formula tetap
konsisten dengan teori matematika yakni mendekati nol, sedangkan remainder hitungan
Matlab sangat payah karena nilainya mendekati takberhingga. Walaupun demikian saya tidak
terburu-buru mengklaim formula analitik yang saya miliki tersebut sebagai penemuan, karena
disamping paper tentang formula digdaya itu belum saya publikasikan ke manca negara, juga
karena saya masih ingin berbagi tips dengan sesama anak bangsa, siapa tahu ada diantara
visitor yang brillian mendapatkannya, sehingga saya turut berbangga mengantarkan sang
penemu meraih field medal yaitu gelar prestisius di bidang matamatika. Tak ayal lagi kelak
Indonesia akan menjadi sentra New Science sebagaimana saya ilustrasikan pada
rohedi.blogspot. Mengapa? karena tentu semua visitor akan sependapat dengan saya, bahwa
karya Profesor PTN dan PTS produk DIKTI Indonesia tentu jauh lebih hebat dari karya
ROHEDI yang hanya tamatan S2 dalam negeri.
Sebagaimana inspirasi untuk mendapatkan rohedi’s reversion sebagai teknik reversi
baru dalam menyelesaikan persamaan diferensial biasa nonlinear dalam bentuk Maclaurin
series (silahkan baca kembali artikel How to upgrade the running time of computer), untuk
mendapatkan formula analitik polinomial orde sembarang dimaksud, sayapun terinspirasi
akan ketajaman hati nurani para Pendiri Bangsa dalam menetapkan kelahiran RI (Republik
Indonesia) tercinta ini pada 17–8–1945. Pada penyelesaian persamaan diferensial arctanget,
ternyata angka-angka tanggal, bulan, dan tahun kelahiran RI tersebut termaktub dalam
koefisien deret tangent function pada suku ke 8 (delapan).
Artikel lengkap bisa di lihat di link di bawah ini.
http://rohedi.com/content/view/29/1/
Oleh : Ali Yunus Rohedi(1)
Staf Pengajar Pada Jurusan Fisika FMIPA – ITS, Surabaya
Telp/Fax : (031)5943351, e-mail : rohedi@physics.its.ac.id
(1)Kepala ROHEDI Laboratory Surabaya, e-mail : aliyunus@rohedi.com
Para visitor tentu ingat bahwa saat saya meluncurkan website rohedi.com kepada
khalayak, artikel pertama yang saya tampilkan adalah info tentang formula analitik untuk
polinomial orde positif sembarang versi saya. Pada artikel tersebut saya contohkan komparasi
nilai sisa polinomial (remainder) antara rohedi’s formula dengan hasil hitungan perangkat
lunak Matlab untuk polinomial orde 1060. Remainder hitungan rohedi’s formula tetap
konsisten dengan teori matematika yakni mendekati nol, sedangkan remainder hitungan
Matlab sangat payah karena nilainya mendekati takberhingga. Walaupun demikian saya tidak
terburu-buru mengklaim formula analitik yang saya miliki tersebut sebagai penemuan, karena
disamping paper tentang formula digdaya itu belum saya publikasikan ke manca negara, juga
karena saya masih ingin berbagi tips dengan sesama anak bangsa, siapa tahu ada diantara
visitor yang brillian mendapatkannya, sehingga saya turut berbangga mengantarkan sang
penemu meraih field medal yaitu gelar prestisius di bidang matamatika. Tak ayal lagi kelak
Indonesia akan menjadi sentra New Science sebagaimana saya ilustrasikan pada
rohedi.blogspot. Mengapa? karena tentu semua visitor akan sependapat dengan saya, bahwa
karya Profesor PTN dan PTS produk DIKTI Indonesia tentu jauh lebih hebat dari karya
ROHEDI yang hanya tamatan S2 dalam negeri.
Sebagaimana inspirasi untuk mendapatkan rohedi’s reversion sebagai teknik reversi
baru dalam menyelesaikan persamaan diferensial biasa nonlinear dalam bentuk Maclaurin
series (silahkan baca kembali artikel How to upgrade the running time of computer), untuk
mendapatkan formula analitik polinomial orde sembarang dimaksud, sayapun terinspirasi
akan ketajaman hati nurani para Pendiri Bangsa dalam menetapkan kelahiran RI (Republik
Indonesia) tercinta ini pada 17–8–1945. Pada penyelesaian persamaan diferensial arctanget,
ternyata angka-angka tanggal, bulan, dan tahun kelahiran RI tersebut termaktub dalam
koefisien deret tangent function pada suku ke 8 (delapan).
Artikel lengkap bisa di lihat di link di bawah ini.
http://rohedi.com/content/view/29/1/
Friday, August 15, 2008
snmpd problems occur when running portsentry
The problems is when installing portsentry, then running the snmpd. Because the snmp was block by portsentry. The solutions is start snmpd first, then portsentry.
Here is the sockstat from our gateway.
First, we check using sockstat to list open ports. From first line, seems port 161 "used" by portsentry. My college down the portsentry and run the snmpd. You can see in the 3rd command.
gw1# sockstat | grep 161
root portsentry 1066 4 udp4 *:161 *:*
squid squid 1016 161tcp4 127.0.0.1:3128 10.0.16.174:2642
squid squid 1016 174tcp4 117.102.83.187:53898 195.161.119.84:80
squid squid 1016 213tcp4 10.0.17.247:3128 10.0.16.161:2137
squid squid 1016 697tcp4 117.102.83.187:* 212.96.161.229:80
gw1#
gw1# netstat -a |grep snmp
udp4 0 0 *.snmptrap *.*
udp4 0 0 *.snmp *.*
gw1# sockstat | grep 161
root snmpd 60836 10 udp4 *:161 *:*
squid squid 1016 95 tcp4 10.0.17.247:3128 10.0.16.161:2242
squid squid 1016 161tcp4 127.0.0.1:3128 10.0.16.174:2642
squid squid 1016 174tcp4 117.102.83.187:53898 195.161.119.84:80
squid squid 1016 209tcp4 10.0.17.247:3128 10.0.16.49:2161
gw1#
Here is the sockstat from our gateway.
First, we check using sockstat to list open ports. From first line, seems port 161 "used" by portsentry. My college down the portsentry and run the snmpd. You can see in the 3rd command.
gw1# sockstat | grep 161
root portsentry 1066 4 udp4 *:161 *:*
squid squid 1016 161tcp4 127.0.0.1:3128 10.0.16.174:2642
squid squid 1016 174tcp4 117.102.83.187:53898 195.161.119.84:80
squid squid 1016 213tcp4 10.0.17.247:3128 10.0.16.161:2137
squid squid 1016 697tcp4 117.102.83.187:* 212.96.161.229:80
gw1#
gw1# netstat -a |grep snmp
udp4 0 0 *.snmptrap *.*
udp4 0 0 *.snmp *.*
gw1# sockstat | grep 161
root snmpd 60836 10 udp4 *:161 *:*
squid squid 1016 95 tcp4 10.0.17.247:3128 10.0.16.161:2242
squid squid 1016 161tcp4 127.0.0.1:3128 10.0.16.174:2642
squid squid 1016 174tcp4 117.102.83.187:53898 195.161.119.84:80
squid squid 1016 209tcp4 10.0.17.247:3128 10.0.16.49:2161
gw1#
Saturday, July 26, 2008
Tentang Bayam
Tentang BAYAM
Kalau memasak makanan yang mengandung bayam, cukup buat satu porsi aja ya. Intinya, jangan pernah memanasi makanan yang mengandung bayam. Loh, kenapa? Ada beberapa alasan. Ini dia :
a. Bayam mengandung zat besi yang berupa Fe2+ (ferro)
Kalau dia terlalu lama kontak dengan O2 (oksigen dari udara), Fe2+ akan teroksidasi menjadi Fe3+ (ferri). Meski sama-sama zat besi, yang berguna bagi kita adalah ferro. Sedangkan ferri bersifat toxid pada bayam. Jadi kalau bayam dipanasi, akan berlaku oksidasi tersebut.
b. Jangan pernah mengonsumsi bayam lebih dari 5 jam
Soalnya, selain mengandung zat yg disebutin tadi itu, bayam juga mengandung zat Nitrat (NO3). Kalau teroksidasi oleh udara, maka akan menjadi NO2 (nitrit). Nitrit adalah senyawa yang tidak berwarna, tidak berbau, dan bersifat racun bagi tubuh manusia.
Menurut John S Wishnok, bayam segar yang baru dicabut dari persemaiannya telah mengandung senyawa nitrit kira-kira sebanyak 5 mg/kg. Bila bayam disimpan di lemari es selama 2 minggu, kadar nitrit akan meningkat sampai 300 mg/kg. Dengan kata lain, dalam 1 hari penyimpanan, senyawa nitrit akan meningkat 21 mg/kg (7%).
Efek toksik (meracuni tubuh) yang ditimbulkan oleh Nitrit bermula dari reaksi oksidasi Nitrit dengan zat besi dalam sel darah merah, tepatnya di dalam Hemoglobin (Hb).
Telah kita ketahui bahwa salah satu tugas hemoglobin adalah mengikat oksigen untuk disalurkan ke seluruh organ tubuh. Ikatan nitrit dengan hemoglobin,disebut Methemoglobin, mengakibatkan hemoglobin tidak mampu mengikat oksigen. Jika jumlah methemoglobin mencapai lebih dari 15% dari total hemoglobin, maka akan terjadi keadaan yang disebut Sianosis, yaitu suatu keadaan dimana seluruh jaringan tubuh manusia kekurangan oksigen. Jika hal ini terjadi pada bayi dikenal dengan nama "Blue Baby".
Efek toksik lainnya adalah kemampuan nitrit bereaksi dengan Amino sekunder dapat membentuk senyawa yang dapat menyebabkan kanker.
c. Jangan masak bayam pake panci alumunium
Soalnya bisa bereaksi dengan zat besi yang ada di bayam, dan... jadi racun.
Tips mengkonsumsi bayam :
* Pilih bayam yang baru dipetik dan masih segar
* Hendaknya langsung diolah setelah mendapatkan bayam segar
* Jangan terlalu lama disimpan dalam lemari es.
Jadi takut mengonsumsi bayam?? JANGAN ... soalnya, kandungan nutrisinya sangat TOP BANGET. Bahkan, bayam disebut sebagai King of Vegetables.
Sumber: Searching google, dan dapat di bawah ini.
http://www.mail-archive.com/milis-nova@news.gramedia-majalah.com/msg01308.html
Kalau memasak makanan yang mengandung bayam, cukup buat satu porsi aja ya. Intinya, jangan pernah memanasi makanan yang mengandung bayam. Loh, kenapa? Ada beberapa alasan. Ini dia :
a. Bayam mengandung zat besi yang berupa Fe2+ (ferro)
Kalau dia terlalu lama kontak dengan O2 (oksigen dari udara), Fe2+ akan teroksidasi menjadi Fe3+ (ferri). Meski sama-sama zat besi, yang berguna bagi kita adalah ferro. Sedangkan ferri bersifat toxid pada bayam. Jadi kalau bayam dipanasi, akan berlaku oksidasi tersebut.
b. Jangan pernah mengonsumsi bayam lebih dari 5 jam
Soalnya, selain mengandung zat yg disebutin tadi itu, bayam juga mengandung zat Nitrat (NO3). Kalau teroksidasi oleh udara, maka akan menjadi NO2 (nitrit). Nitrit adalah senyawa yang tidak berwarna, tidak berbau, dan bersifat racun bagi tubuh manusia.
Menurut John S Wishnok, bayam segar yang baru dicabut dari persemaiannya telah mengandung senyawa nitrit kira-kira sebanyak 5 mg/kg. Bila bayam disimpan di lemari es selama 2 minggu, kadar nitrit akan meningkat sampai 300 mg/kg. Dengan kata lain, dalam 1 hari penyimpanan, senyawa nitrit akan meningkat 21 mg/kg (7%).
Efek toksik (meracuni tubuh) yang ditimbulkan oleh Nitrit bermula dari reaksi oksidasi Nitrit dengan zat besi dalam sel darah merah, tepatnya di dalam Hemoglobin (Hb).
Telah kita ketahui bahwa salah satu tugas hemoglobin adalah mengikat oksigen untuk disalurkan ke seluruh organ tubuh. Ikatan nitrit dengan hemoglobin,disebut Methemoglobin, mengakibatkan hemoglobin tidak mampu mengikat oksigen. Jika jumlah methemoglobin mencapai lebih dari 15% dari total hemoglobin, maka akan terjadi keadaan yang disebut Sianosis, yaitu suatu keadaan dimana seluruh jaringan tubuh manusia kekurangan oksigen. Jika hal ini terjadi pada bayi dikenal dengan nama "Blue Baby".
Efek toksik lainnya adalah kemampuan nitrit bereaksi dengan Amino sekunder dapat membentuk senyawa yang dapat menyebabkan kanker.
c. Jangan masak bayam pake panci alumunium
Soalnya bisa bereaksi dengan zat besi yang ada di bayam, dan... jadi racun.
Tips mengkonsumsi bayam :
* Pilih bayam yang baru dipetik dan masih segar
* Hendaknya langsung diolah setelah mendapatkan bayam segar
* Jangan terlalu lama disimpan dalam lemari es.
Jadi takut mengonsumsi bayam?? JANGAN ... soalnya, kandungan nutrisinya sangat TOP BANGET. Bahkan, bayam disebut sebagai King of Vegetables.
Sumber: Searching google, dan dapat di bawah ini.
http://www.mail-archive.com/milis-nova@news.gramedia-majalah.com/msg01308.html
Friday, July 11, 2008
Penemuan Fenomenal Di Akhir Tahun 2006
Penemuan fenomenal yang penulis maksudkan berupa teknik baru pemecahan persamaan diferensial nonlinear. Masyarakat umum tentu awam terhadap istilah persamaan diferensial ini, tetapi penulis juga meyakini bahwa tidak semua mahasiswa dan dosen di perguruan tinggi yang mengenal betul bentuk persamaan diferensial nonlinear tersebut. Hal ini karena materi kuliah di perguruan tinggi umumnya di seputaran persamaan diferensial linear. Karena itu para pembaca pastilah mengira kalau penulispun kebingungan tentang bagaimana cara menyampaikan berita baik ini kepada khalayak, agar penemuan yang menurut keyakinan penulis Insya Allah bakal ”mengibarkan merah putih” di manca negara itu dapat membanggakan siapa saja yang membaca tulisan ini Ibu ibu di rumah tentu lumrah mempraktekkan resep adonan kue yang dibacanya dari sebuah majalah. Menurut resep itu untuk membuat sepotong kue diperlukan sekian gram tepung terigu, sekian gram gula, sekian miligram panili, dan sekian gram kuning telur (ibu-ibu sekalian, di buku pelajaran fisika jumlah gram ini dinamakan massa bukanlah berat seperti yang biasa kita sebut). Kalau jumlah gram tepung terigu, gula, panili dan kuning telur masing-masing dilambangkan dengan u,v,w,x , maka resep kue itu dapat dituliskan dalam sebuah persamaan sederhana y= u + v + w + x . Tetapi kalau ibu-ibu hendak membuka usaha katering kue, maka rumus atau formula resep itu disamping harus memasukkan upah produksi, juga perlu mengoptimalkan komposisi bahan-bahannya, guna meraup keuntungan yang maksimal. Resep kue tersebut sekarang berubah menjadi y = au + bv + cw + dx + e, yang oleh mahasiswa ekonomi dikenal dengan persamaan linear yang mengandung 4 perubah bebas u,v,w, dan x. Tentu formula resep kue yang terakhir ini sudah diluar jangkauan ibu-ibu, karenanya ibu-ibu perlu menyekolahkan salah seorang putra-putrinya ke fakultas ekonomi, untuk mengetahui bagaimana cara mendapatkan angka a,b,c,d, dan e optimal yang akan membuat usaha katering kue tersebut sukses menyedot banyak pelanggan. Lantas dalam bentuk apa persamaan yang notabene menjadi basis sains dan teknologi tinggi itu?
Menurut penulis berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan modern merupakan perwujudan cara memandang alam sekitar yang ditindaklanjuti dengan upaya menjelaskan keteraturan dan ketidakteraturan peristiwa yang terjadi di dalamnya (ini oleh para fisikawan disebut hukum alam). Dulu ketika di sekolah dasar kita sama-sama pernah diajarkan cara menghitung panjang garis miring segitiga siku-siku dengan dalil phitagoras. Ternyata dalil Phitagoras itu tidak sekedar untuk menghitung panjang ”garing” segitiga siku-siku, melainkan merupakan pembangun tiga fungsi trigonometri fundamental yaitu fungsi sina, cosa, dan tana. Mungkin tidak banyak yang tahu bahwa sesungguhnya hampir semua persoalan kehidupan di dunia ini pada dasarnya dapat ditangani dengan ketiga fungsi penting tersebut, asalkan mereka tahu bagaimana cara menggunakannya. Mengingat demikian pentingnya maka penulis mensketsakan gambar segitiga ”keramat” tersebut di bawah ini lengkap dengan definisi ketiga fungsi fundamental sina, cosa, dan tana
Page diatas, sengaja di edit, bukan tulisan penulis secara penuh(copy paste edit)
Untuk lengkapnya, silangkan kunjungi website www.rohedi.com
http://rohedi.com/content/view/15/26/
Penulis dalam hal ini adalah Drs. Ali Yunus Rohedi, MT.
Menurut penulis berkembangnya ilmu pengetahuan modern merupakan perwujudan cara memandang alam sekitar yang ditindaklanjuti dengan upaya menjelaskan keteraturan dan ketidakteraturan peristiwa yang terjadi di dalamnya (ini oleh para fisikawan disebut hukum alam). Dulu ketika di sekolah dasar kita sama-sama pernah diajarkan cara menghitung panjang garis miring segitiga siku-siku dengan dalil phitagoras. Ternyata dalil Phitagoras itu tidak sekedar untuk menghitung panjang ”garing” segitiga siku-siku, melainkan merupakan pembangun tiga fungsi trigonometri fundamental yaitu fungsi sina, cosa, dan tana. Mungkin tidak banyak yang tahu bahwa sesungguhnya hampir semua persoalan kehidupan di dunia ini pada dasarnya dapat ditangani dengan ketiga fungsi penting tersebut, asalkan mereka tahu bagaimana cara menggunakannya. Mengingat demikian pentingnya maka penulis mensketsakan gambar segitiga ”keramat” tersebut di bawah ini lengkap dengan definisi ketiga fungsi fundamental sina, cosa, dan tana
Page diatas, sengaja di edit, bukan tulisan penulis secara penuh(copy paste edit)
Untuk lengkapnya, silangkan kunjungi website www.rohedi.com
http://rohedi.com/content/view/15/26/
Penulis dalam hal ini adalah Drs. Ali Yunus Rohedi, MT.
Friday, July 4, 2008
Create startup script for postgresql on solaris
Here is simple script postgresql 8.2(startup on solaris)
Create file in /etc/init.d with name postgresql
#!/sbin/sh
#change with your prefix installation
PGBIN=/usr/postgres/8.2/bin
PGDATA=/export/postgres82/pgdata
PGLOG=/export/postgres82/pgdata/log
PGUSER=postgres
case "$1" in
'start')
su - $PGUSER -c "$PGBIN/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA start"
;;
'stop')
su - $PGUSER -c "$PGBIN/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA stop"
;;
'refresh')
su - $PGUSER "$PGBIN/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA reload"
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|refresh}"
exit 1
;;
esac
change file permission to 755
then you have to make link to other directory.
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc0.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc1.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc2.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rcS.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc3.d/S90postgresql
Try to start stop service and restart the system.
check with
# ps -ef | grep post
postgres 736 734 0 15:47:00 ? 0:00 /usr/postgres/8.2/bin/postgres -D /export/postgres82/pgdata
root 739 711 0 15:49:13 pts/2 0:00 grep post
postgres 734 1 0 15:47:00 pts/2 0:00 /usr/postgres/8.2/bin/postgres -D /export/postgres82/pgdata
postgres 737 734 0 15:47:00 ? 0:00 /usr/postgres/8.2/bin/postgres -D /export/postgres82/pgdata
#
Finish
Create file in /etc/init.d with name postgresql
#!/sbin/sh
#change with your prefix installation
PGBIN=/usr/postgres/8.2/bin
PGDATA=/export/postgres82/pgdata
PGLOG=/export/postgres82/pgdata/log
PGUSER=postgres
case "$1" in
'start')
su - $PGUSER -c "$PGBIN/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA start"
;;
'stop')
su - $PGUSER -c "$PGBIN/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA stop"
;;
'refresh')
su - $PGUSER "$PGBIN/pg_ctl -D $PGDATA reload"
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|refresh}"
exit 1
;;
esac
change file permission to 755
then you have to make link to other directory.
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc0.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc1.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc2.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rcS.d/K03postgresql
#ln /etc/init.d/postgresql /etc/rc3.d/S90postgresql
Try to start stop service and restart the system.
check with
# ps -ef | grep post
postgres 736 734 0 15:47:00 ? 0:00 /usr/postgres/8.2/bin/postgres -D /export/postgres82/pgdata
root 739 711 0 15:49:13 pts/2 0:00 grep post
postgres 734 1 0 15:47:00 pts/2 0:00 /usr/postgres/8.2/bin/postgres -D /export/postgres82/pgdata
postgres 737 734 0 15:47:00 ? 0:00 /usr/postgres/8.2/bin/postgres -D /export/postgres82/pgdata
#
Finish
Installing pkg_get on Solaris 10
This package is for automatically download and install package. This is package have same function with apt-get on debian or yum on Redhat.
First download package from http://www.blastwave.org/pkg_get-3.8.4-SunOS5.8-all-CSW.pkg
# pkgadd -d pkg_get-3.8.4-SunOS5.8-all-CSW.pkg
The following packages are available:
1 CSWpkgget pkg_get - CSW version of automated package download tool
(all) 3.8.4
Select package(s) you wish to process (or 'all' to process
all packages). (default: all) [?,??,q]:
Processing package instance from
pkg_get - CSW version of automated package download tool(all) 3.8.4
You may use and copy this software without charge, as you see fit.
The software is copyright (C) Philip Brown, Nov 2000-2007
Dont forget to update /opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf with your nearest archive site.
(or /etc/opt/csw/pkg-get.conf)
The default site ibiblio.org may or may not be slow for you!
The selected base directory must exist before installation
is attempted.
Do you want this directory created now [y,n,?,q] y
Using as the package base directory.
## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
1 package pathname is already properly installed.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user
permission during the process of installing this package.
Do you want to continue with the installation of [y,n,?] y
Installing pkg_get - CSW version of automated package download tool as
## Installing part 1 of 1.
/opt/csw/bin/pkg-get
/opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf.csw
/opt/csw/share/man/man1m/pkg-get.1m
/var/pkg-get/admin-fullauto
[ verifying class ]
## Executing postinstall script.
Installing /opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf.csw to pkg-get.conf
**** IMPORTANT ****
A default configuration file for pkg-get has been created in
/opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf
You should edit it to change the 'site' configuration, to point to
the most appropriate mirror for you, from the list at
http://www.blastwave.org/mirrors
Installation of was successful.
#
# /opt/csw/bin/pkg-get -help
pkg-get, by Philip Brown , phil@bolthole.com
(Internal SCCS code revision 3.11)
Originally from http://www.bolthole.com/solaris/pkg-get.html
pkg-get is used to install free software packages
pkg-get
Need one of 'install', 'upgrade', 'available','compare'
'-i|install' installs a package
'-u|upgrade' upgrades already installed packages if possible
'-a|available' lists the available packages in the catalog
'-c|compare' shows installed package versions vs available
'-l|list' shows installed packages by software name only
Optional modifiers:
'-d|download' just download the package, not install
'-D|describe' describe available packages, or search for one
'-U|updatecatalog' updates download site inventory
'-S|sync' Makes update mode sync to version on mirror site
'-f' dont ask any questions: force default pkgadd behaviour
Normally used with an override admin file
See /var/pkg-get/admin-fullauto
'-s ftp://site/dir' temporarily override site to get from
#
For example I will install package nano for editing.
# /opt/csw/bin/pkg-get -i nano
...
/opt/csw/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/man
/opt/csw/share/man/man1/nano.1
/opt/csw/share/man/man5/nanorc.5
[ verifying class ]
## Executing postinstall script.
Updating the info dir file for CSWtexinfo
chroot: exec failed: No such file or directory
Installation of was successful.
# /opt/csw/bin/nano # running nano
First download package from http://www.blastwave.org/pkg_get-3.8.4-SunOS5.8-all-CSW.pkg
# pkgadd -d pkg_get-3.8.4-SunOS5.8-all-CSW.pkg
The following packages are available:
1 CSWpkgget pkg_get - CSW version of automated package download tool
(all) 3.8.4
Select package(s) you wish to process (or 'all' to process
all packages). (default: all) [?,??,q]:
Processing package instance
pkg_get - CSW version of automated package download tool(all) 3.8.4
You may use and copy this software without charge, as you see fit.
The software is copyright (C) Philip Brown, Nov 2000-2007
Dont forget to update /opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf with your nearest archive site.
(or /etc/opt/csw/pkg-get.conf)
The default site ibiblio.org may or may not be slow for you!
The selected base directory must exist before installation
is attempted.
Do you want this directory created now [y,n,?,q] y
Using as the package base directory.
## Processing package information.
## Processing system information.
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
WARNING: setting mode of to default mode (755)
1 package pathname is already properly installed.
## Verifying disk space requirements.
## Checking for conflicts with packages already installed.
## Checking for setuid/setgid programs.
This package contains scripts which will be executed with super-user
permission during the process of installing this package.
Do you want to continue with the installation of
Installing pkg_get - CSW version of automated package download tool as
## Installing part 1 of 1.
/opt/csw/bin/pkg-get
/opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf.csw
/opt/csw/share/man/man1m/pkg-get.1m
/var/pkg-get/admin-fullauto
[ verifying class
## Executing postinstall script.
Installing /opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf.csw to pkg-get.conf
**** IMPORTANT ****
A default configuration file for pkg-get has been created in
/opt/csw/etc/pkg-get.conf
You should edit it to change the 'site' configuration, to point to
the most appropriate mirror for you, from the list at
http://www.blastwave.org/mirrors
Installation of
#
# /opt/csw/bin/pkg-get -help
pkg-get, by Philip Brown , phil@bolthole.com
(Internal SCCS code revision 3.11)
Originally from http://www.bolthole.com/solaris/pkg-get.html
pkg-get is used to install free software packages
pkg-get
Need one of 'install', 'upgrade', 'available','compare'
'-i|install' installs a package
'-u|upgrade' upgrades already installed packages if possible
'-a|available' lists the available packages in the catalog
'-c|compare' shows installed package versions vs available
'-l|list' shows installed packages by software name only
Optional modifiers:
'-d|download' just download the package, not install
'-D|describe' describe available packages, or search for one
'-U|updatecatalog' updates download site inventory
'-S|sync' Makes update mode sync to version on mirror site
'-f' dont ask any questions: force default pkgadd behaviour
Normally used with an override admin file
See /var/pkg-get/admin-fullauto
'-s ftp://site/dir' temporarily override site to get from
#
For example I will install package nano for editing.
# /opt/csw/bin/pkg-get -i nano
...
/opt/csw/share/locale/sr/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/locale/sv/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/locale/tr/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/locale/uk/LC_MESSAGES/nano.mo
/opt/csw/share/man
/opt/csw/share/man/man1/nano.1
/opt/csw/share/man/man5/nanorc.5
[ verifying class
## Executing postinstall script.
Updating the info dir file for CSWtexinfo
chroot: exec failed: No such file or directory
Installation of
# /opt/csw/bin/nano # running nano
Wednesday, July 2, 2008
cvsup ports-supfile
viperbsd# cp /usr/share/examples/cvsup/ports-supfile /tmp
copy ports-supfile ke /tmp
edit bagian di bawah, pilih salah satu mirror ports.
*default host=cvsup1.FreeBSD.org
viperbsd# cvsup -g -L 2 ports-supfile
...
Applying fixups for collection ports-all/cvs
Fixup ports/games/doom/files/patch-ab
Fixup ports/graphics/vcg/files/tMakefile
Fixup ports/net/wmwave/files/patch-wmwave.c
Shutting down connection to server
Finished successfully
viperbsd#
Biar gak lupa link cvsup mirror seluruh dunia .. :)
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/cvsup.html#CVSUP-MIRRORS
copy ports-supfile ke /tmp
edit bagian di bawah, pilih salah satu mirror ports.
*default host=cvsup1.FreeBSD.org
viperbsd# cvsup -g -L 2 ports-supfile
...
Applying fixups for collection ports-all/cvs
Fixup ports/games/doom/files/patch-ab
Fixup ports/graphics/vcg/files/tMakefile
Fixup ports/net/wmwave/files/patch-wmwave.c
Shutting down connection to server
Finished successfully
viperbsd#
Biar gak lupa link cvsup mirror seluruh dunia .. :)
http://www.freebsd.org/doc/handbook/cvsup.html#CVSUP-MIRRORS
Friday, June 27, 2008
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